ALEXANDER THE GREAT 356 BC-323 BC

ALEXANDER THE GREAT 356 BC-323 BC

Alexander the Great, the famous conqueror of the world was born in Pello past year 356 BC, the capital of Macedonia. His father, King Philip II of Macedonia who have ability and a far-sighted. Philip zoom in and organizing the Armed Forces of Macedonia and turn them into high-quality fighting force. First time use of the Armed Forces of this option is when he conquered the area around until he came to northern Greece, and then turned south and conquered almost all of Greece. Then Philip federation Greek cities, and he himself became its leader. When he again designed a plan of attack against the vast Persian Empire in the east of Greece, even the invasion has already begun in the year 336 BC, Philip terbunul, when he was only reached forty-six years.
Age Alexander was only twenty years old when his father died but he was replaced without difficulty ascended the throne. Philip carefully jauhjauh days have made preparations for his successor and the young Alexander already had knowledge and a considerable military experience. In the event that any Philip intellectual education is not ignored. Teachers make Alexander provided a special father: Aristotle, one who perhaps most scholars and philosophers of the most famous in the world period.
Both in Greece and the areas north hemisphere, the inhabitants of the conquered Philip looked at the death of Philip is a good chance to block and subvert the power grip of Macedonia. However, only within two years after the throne, Alexander was able to overcome the second area. After that attention diverted to the Persian.
For two thousand years the Persians controlled a vast territory, extending from the Mediterranean to India. Although the Persians no longer be in the top of his greatness, but still remains a formidable and respected opponent, the most extensive empire, the most powerful and richest on earth.
Alexander launched his first attack to the Persians in 334 BC. Because he must set aside some of its troops in the country to maintain and oversee its European inilik, Alexander had only 35 000 soldiers accompanying him when he dared death adventure, an insignificant amount when compared with the power of the Persian Army. In addition to a number of misfortunes that befall him, Alexander won a string of victories in gempurannya against the Persian army. There are three factors that the cause of his victory. First, the troops left by his father, Philip, really well trained and organized, better than the Persian army. Second, Alexander himself a warlord of genius, perhaps the most genius of all time. Third, Alexander's own courage. Although he led the first stages of the battle behind the front line, Alexander is leading his own decision horsemen who gave a blow decisive. This is a risky way and he was often injured in the battle this way. But his troops witnessed with my own eyes that Alexander really was abysmal responsibility to face danger and would not impose risk on the shoulders of others. This brings a direct result in terms of improving soldier morale is convincing.
Alexander led his forces struck first in Asia Minor, Persia beat out a small army stationed there. Then she moved toward the north of Syria, crush a large Persian army in the town of Issus. This he finished behind the agency raided the south, and after heavy fighting involved and difficult during seven months, he managed to conquer the Phoenician island city of Tyre which is now called Lebanon. When Alexander was fighting in Tyre, he received a message from the King of Persia mengwarkan half his kingdom if only for Alexander Alexander willing to accept the peace agreement. One of Alexander's generals, Parmenio, consider good and decent offer accepted. "If I were Alexander, I received the offer." What Alexander answered? "So did I, if I was named Parmenio."
After the fall of Tyre, Alexander continued his movement to the south. Gaza fell after fighting for two months. Egypt surrendered without fighting anything. After occupying Egypt, Alexander settled for a while just to give time off for soldiers. In the country, though she's only twenty-four years, he was given the gift the title and was crowned Pharaoh as a god. After it is enough rest, Alexander and his army moved again back to the mainland of Asia, and in the battle of life and death that determines at Arbela in 331 BC, he was completely paralyzed most of the armies of Persia.
After a glorious victory that Alexander brought his army to Babylon and break into the cities of Persia, Suso and Persepolis. Persian King Darius III (Darius the Great, rather than its predecessor) were killed by the officer-opsirnya in the year 330 BC to prevent it surrendered to Alexander. Even so, Alexander defeated and killed the substitute Darius, and in the battle for three years, he has conquered all the eastern parts of the country continues to urge Iran and Central Asia.
With all the Persian Empire under his feet tclapak, Alexander should take the decision to return home to his country and organize the territory. However, thirsty conquest unbearable, so she went labrakannya to Afghanistan. From there he led his army across the Hindu Kush mountains to India. He obtained a series of big victories in western India and intends to continue its attacks into the eastern part of India. However, troops are tired and struggling from fighting for years, and refused to continue the attack. So with Alexander reluctantly returned to Persia.
After returning to Persia, Alexander spent about a year organizing the army and the imperial territory under their control. Alexander grew up with the belief that Greek culture is the only culture that is prominent, thumb and all nations who are not Greek is none other than barbarians. The belief was already widespread barangtentu scattered throughout the realm of thought and the Greek world, even Aristotle himself thought so. But, apart from its success crush out Persians army, Alexander was not entirely aware of the Persians barbarians, and the Persians can be just as capable and as intelligent with the Greeks. Therefore Alexander contains the intention to merge the two into one empire, and dijelmakannya with the formation of a joint culture of the Graeco-Persian empire with her own, of course, is above the leadership of the ruling. As far as can we be sure, he really wishes for the Persians is an equal partner with the Greeks and Macedonians. In order to implement this plan, he put a lot of Persians into the armed forces. He also held a party what he called "Marriage East and West" where thousands of Macedonian soldiers officially married daughters of Asia. He himself, despite his wife to marry a nobleman Asian girl before, married again with the daughter of Darius.
Palpable once, Alexander intends to do additional conquest by the Armed Forces who have organized this again. We know, he bennaksud conquer Arabia, and perhaps also wilayahwilayah located in northern Persia. And maybe she already had plans Indian occupied or invaded Rome, Carthago and parts of the Mediterranean Sea. No matter how the plan is structured, that certainly no longer the next conquests. In early June of the year 323 BC when Alexander was in Babylon, he was suddenly stricken with fever and he died ten days later. At that time not yet reached age thirty-three years.
Alexander did not appoint his successor, and soon after he began to occur no power struggle. In this struggle, her mother, his wife, his children are all killed. His kingdom was divided among his generals.
Since Alexander died in a very young age and was never defeated, a lot of speculation whether the hell that would happen if a long age. When he brought his army invaded and conquered the areas west of the Mediterranean Sea, most likely he will succeed, and in this case the entire history of Western Europe will experience massive change. But this speculation, however interesting nothing to do with the real successes that have been achieved.
Empire of Alexander the Great Region Alexander may be a very dramatic figure in history, career and personal remain a source of admiration. Evidence of success in his career quite dramatic and dozens of tales about his name popping up. And obviously once been a warrior and his ambitions to be the greatest conqueror of all time, and apparently well-deserved nickname he acquired it. As individual fighters, covered in her ability and courage. As a general, he is very accomplished, as long as eleven years of battle, never once did he lose the goods.
Together with that, he was an intellectual who studied under the tutelage of Aristotle and mastering the poems of Homer. In the event that realize the idea that the nation is not necessarily non-Greek barbarians, clearly shows that his mind had more coverage than most of the Greek thinkers at the time.
But, on the other hand, Alexander had a short-sighted view. Although he repeatedly exposed to risks in battle, he did not prepare his successor. Negligence is the primary cause of his kingdom fall apart so fast after he died.
Alexander is considered most likely looking beautiful, and she often very generous to the defeated enemy. On the other hand, he was also an "egomaniac" and cruel-tempered. At one event, in a quarrel in unconventional circumstances, he killed his best friends, Clertus, a man who had saved his soul.
Just as Napoleon and Hitler, Alexander had a tremendous influence on his generation. Effect a short period, more concise than they, solely because of limited facilities for travel to and fro and communication at the time m_ embatasi and minimize the impact on the world.
In the long term, the most important effect of the conquest by Alexander the Greek culture is closer to the Middle East, so that each gets utility to add and enhance the culture of each. During and immediately after the career of Alexander, the Greek culture quickly spread to Iran, Mesopotamia, Syria, Judea, and Egypt. Before Alexander, the Greek culture was already penetrated into these areas but
with very slow. Also, Alexander spread the influence of Greek culture to India and Central Asia, regions previously unexplored. However, cultural influence is not the only valid means unilateral and one-way. In the Hellenistic period of centuries (centuries immediately after the steps Alexander) Eastern ideas-particularly-religious ideas spread into the Greek world. With this Hellenic culture is dominant but the Greek seems to actually influence the Eastern mind immense influence at the time of Rome.
In the long journey of his career, Alexander founded more than twenty-one new city. The most famous of all is the Alexandria (Alexandria) in Egypt that the tempo is fast becoming the leading city in the world and is a cultural and educational center of the famous. Others such as Herat and Kandahan in Afghanistan as well develop into important towns.
Alexander, Napoleon, and Hitler have in common in the weight it felt its influence in general. People will be impressed, however, the influence both of the latter is shorter durability than Alexander. Based on that he can place the order a little more top.

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